Detective Haika

The word "imperative" is derived from the term "emperor". Emperors gave commands, and imperative sentences are commands. Imperative sentences consist of predicates that only contain verbs in infinitive form; verb phrases are not allowed. Imperative sentences are generally terminated with an exclamation mark instead of a period.
An imperative sentence gives a command. It usually end with a period, but it may also end with an exclamation point (!).
Commands ask or tell people to do something.
 is a command, that does not sound as commanding as,  But, both of these sentences are imperatives because they are both asking or telling someone to do something.

• Imperatives are used to issue commands. They use the infinitive of verbs (dropping the word 'to'); in the first person plural ('we'), the infinitive is preceded by 'let's' (or: 'let us'):

Speak!
Let's eat!
Close the door!

• The negative imperative is formed by placing 'don't' (or 'do not') before the imperative form; in the first person plural one uses 'let's not' (or 'let us not') :

Let's not forget who helped us.
Don't leave me!
Since commands are always speaking to someone or something (you've got to address them if you're going to ask them to do something), the subject is always the word you.
1. Use the imperative form

We use the imperative form to give orders, warnings and advice:

Be quiet!
Take care!
Listen to me carefully!

Because it can sound rude to give direct orders (especially if you are talking to an adult), we "soften" the imperative form with "let's" or "please":

Let's go now.
Please listen to what I'm saying.

2. Use a modal verb to turn the order into a request

We use modals to change the mood of a sentence. For example, "You should help her" is more polite than "Help her!"

Other modal verbs you can use to make requests are:

Could: Could you make me some tea?
Can: Can you come here please?
Will: Will you shut the door please?
Would: Would you wait here until the doctor is ready for you?

3. Use an introductory phrase to soften the order

Instead of using an imperative, you can use a phrase instead. Here are some common ways of phrasing an order, in order of the most indirect to the most direct:

Would you mind possibly… (+ ing) (Most indirect)
Would you mind possibly moving your car? It's parked right in front of mine.

I was hoping you could … (+ infinitive without to)
I was hoping you could spare me a few minutes this morning.


I'd like you to…
I'd like you to help me with the assignment.

I want you to…
I want you to stay with me.

4. Use sequencing words

You can use sequencing words to make instructions clear.

Firstly, make sure the appliance is disconnected.
Secondly, open the back with a screwdriver.
Then, carefully pull out the two black cables….

Use of Passive

The passive voice is less usual than the active voice. The active voice is the "normal" voice. But sometimes we need the passive voice.

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: "My manga was stolen."

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my manga was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.

Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example: "A fight was made."

In this case, I focus on the fact that a fight was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a fight.).

We use the passive when:

• we want to make the active object more important
• we do not know the active subject

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle

Example: "An Anime was watched."

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

The main verb is always in its past participle form.

Look at these examples:

subject	auxiliary verb (to be)		main verb (past participle)
Water	is		drunk	by Kotori.
Anime	are		watched	by Otaku.
Manga	is		read	by me.
Cosplayers	are	not	paid	in dollars.
Are	they		paid	in yen?

We can form the passive in any tense. In fact, conjugation of verbs in the passive tense is rather easy, as the main verb is always in past participle form and the auxiliary verb is always be. To form the required tense, we conjugate the auxiliary verb. So, for example: 

present simple: A visual novel is made

present continuous: A visual novel is being made

present perfect: A visual novel has been made

Here are some examples with most of the possible tenses:

Infinitive		to be made
Present Tense	present	It is made.
	past	It was made.
	future	It will be made.
	conditional	It would be made.
Continuous Tense	present	It is being made.
	past	It was being made.
	future	It will be being made.
	conditional	It would be being made.
Perfect Tense	present	It has been made.
	past	It had been made.
	future	It will have been made.
	conditional	It would have been made.
Perfect Continuous Tense	present	It has been being made.
	past	It had been being made.
	future	It will have been being made.
	conditional	It would have been being made.

1) Present Participle

The present participle is often used when we want to express an active action.
In English we add -ing to the infinitive of the verb.

Use of the present participle:

Progressive/ Continuous tense	She is drawing a manga now.
	She was drawing a manga yesterday. (Past)
Gerund	Drawing manga is fun.
	She likes drawing manga.
Participle	Look at the drawing girl.
	She came drawing in the room.
	She sat drawing in the corner.
	I saw her drawing.

Gerunds are sometimes called "verbal nouns". Many grammarians do not like to use "gerund". That is because there is sometimes no clear difference between a gerund and a present participle.

When a verb ends in -ing, it may be a gerund or a present participle. It is important to understand that they are not the same.